比较法视野下我国搜查措施之理论反思

我国有证搜查还处于内部控制、自我约束和事后监督的阶段。被搜查者的合法权利不得不严重依赖于侦查人员搜查的文明程度。而无证搜查立法的拘谨与侦查实践的现实需要之间存在显著的差异。我国搜查措施所存在的问题,显示出搜查措施对侦查机关的规范和约束力度还处于较低的水平,对被搜查者权利的保障仍有所不足。我国不仅需要完善有证搜查制度,而且更需要建立和规范以同意搜查为核心的无证搜查制度,以追随刑事诉讼现代化之步伐,实现法治中国之梦想。     

Social policy and embedded evaluation: Assessing the impact of a food insecurity project in the United Kingdom

Social policy making needs to involve robust evaluation to assess its impact. In this article, a social policy intervention focused on tackling food insecurity amongst vulnerable people is examined and the benefits and challenges of using an embedded approach to evaluation are considered. Food insecurity is defined as not always having the economic, social, and physical resources to ensure a sufficient supply of nutritionally appropriate food. Evidence suggests that food insecurity in the United Kingdom is increasing in the context of long-term poverty, austerity, insecure employment, rising living costs, low pay, and cuts to welfare and public services. An embedded evaluation was conducted involving interviews with the intervention participants and observations of a series of cooking and food budgeting classes. The findings suggest that the classes had a positive impact on many of the participants, who felt more confident about cooking and valued the shared experience. However, given the acute problems facing many of the participants including long-term poverty, policies aimed at tackling food insecurity need to go beyond cooking and food budgeting skills. The embedded evaluation approach contributed towards the overall impact of the intervention by providing insights that led to changes as part of an iterative process during the intervention rather than in the form of a final report after its completion. An embedded evaluation-based approach can be resource intensive, and the role of the evaluators can present challenges, but it can help to bridge the gap between intervention design, delivery, and social change.     

比较法视野下的人民陪审员制度改革

新一轮司法体制改革在强化职业化主审法官主导地位的同时，提出了完善人民陪审员制度、拓宽人民群众有序参与司法渠道的改革目标。比较日本、韩国的民众参与司法裁判的新制度，可知中、日、韩三国的制度改革虽然目标相近，但制度背景、制度内容及其取得的效果却有较大差异。如何平衡好司法专业性与民众参与之间的关系并确保专业性优先，是当前中国司法改革需要考虑的首要问题。参与审判并非普通民众参与司法活动的唯一形式，应当拓宽人民群众参与司法的形式和渠道，加强顶层设计，重视发挥人民陪审员提供专业知识和参与纠纷调解的作用。在今后的人民陪审制改革中要转换视角，弱化政治意义而强化司法功能，细化相应的程序实体规则，注意考虑司法审判相关主体与参与司法裁判民众之间的关系。     

全球价值链背景下加工贸易企业升级路径分析

金融危机以来国际贸易保护主义色彩浓郁，中国内部粗放型经济增长方式存在一定的不可持续性和人口红利开始逐渐消失，中国加工贸易嵌入发达国家主导的全球价值链低附加值和低生产率问题引起了学者的注意。随着外部贸易环境、国内新常态要素禀赋结构的变化和深化供给侧结构性改革的需要，推动加工贸易企业升级已经成为中国经济结构调整的一个重要部分。通过分析中国加工贸易的起源、发展和现状，描述全球价值链背景下加工贸易的若干特征和“低端锁定”问题，引出了融资约束对企业经营决策、出口行为以及企业全球价值链上地位的影响，并围绕以生产过程、产品升级和功能升级为主的产业内升级和以劳动密集型向技术密集型转变为特征的产业间升级两个角度，提出了中国加工贸易企业在全球价值链上攀升的路径。研究认为，着重强调人力资本积累、本土企业技术外溢的吸收能力以及自主研发能力的培养，同时结合国际产能合作和“一带一路”倡议等现实背景，实现东西双向开放，塑造以我为主的包容性的区域价值链和国内价值链等，是中国加工贸易企业升级的路径和新机遇。     

我国检察公益诉讼制度的发展态势与制度完善——基于2017—2019年数据的实证分析

我国检察公益诉讼制度全面实施两年后呈现出新的发展态势。亟需理论深入研判。本文以2017—2019年间的司法数据为基础，运用实证方法分析了《行政诉讼法》《民事诉讼法》修改后检察公益诉讼在办案数量、办案规则、办案能力、办案力量、办案重心等方面的发展态势：审判机关和检察机关的办案数量增长迅速，并积极推动诉讼规则完善；各地办案数量差异明显，案件分布不均衡；基层人民检察院是办案主力军；行政公益诉讼案件数量锐减，办案重心转向刑事附带民事公益诉讼案件；立案数量快速增长，但履行诉前程序、提起诉讼的比率呈下降趋势。这些发展态势的内因是检察机关组织机构改革带来的办案能力的提升；外因是党委和人大增强了对检察公益诉讼的支持力度，化解了制度运行中的部分障碍。未来还需从内、外、广、深四个维度推动检察公益诉讼制度完善：促进公益诉讼检察与三大检察内部融合；建立公益诉讼检察与法治政府的耦合；探索拓展受案范围；建构符合需要的诉讼机制。     

基于新历史主义的《狼厅》人物解读

希拉里·曼特尔的小说《狼厅》一反正史的叙事传统，除了描写皇宫贵族，还关注各阶层人物的人情冷暖，具有强烈的新历史主义色彩。小说不是用单线突出国王亨利八世历史形象，而是用复线发掘和刻画了策划人克伦威尔、改革派和保守派以及经受磨难的边缘人等，在宗教改革背景下不同阶层人物的行为、遭遇和内心世界，再现了16世纪初英格兰政治、宗教及经济状况，勾画了鲜活的历史景观。     

Equity,inclusion, and antiblackness in mathematics education

ABSTRACT

Despite decades of equity- and inclusion-oriented discourse and reform in mathematics education, Black learners in the U.S. continue to experience dehumanizing and violent forms of mathematics education. I suggest that equity for Black learners in mathematics education is a delusion rooted in the fictions of white imaginaries, contingent on appeasing white logics and sensitivities, and characterized at best by incremental changes that do little to threaten the maintenance of racial hierarchies inside or outside of mathematics education. Moreover, the forms of inclusion offered up in equity-oriented discourses and reforms represent contexts of containment and enclosure that keep Black people in their same relative position. Refusal is suggested as a strategy for Black learners to resist the anti-Black character of mathematics education, and as a first step in actualizing forms of mathematics education that are worthy of Black learners.     

移动政府构建:技术进步与政府创新

移动技术进步推动社会变迁,催生行政生态的全新图景。这一方面对政府行政提出更高要求,另一方面孕育庞大的行政潜能。运用好这把双刃剑,既要避免技术沦为维护传统制度的工具,又要创新与移动时代相匹配的行政模式,关键在于移动政府构建,即从政府观念、组织结构以及驾驭能力三层面进行变革。     

Revisiting the effectiveness of the employment‐oriented welfare state: Considering the quality of employment achievement

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an employment‐oriented welfare state. While previous studies have focused on employment growth, this study considers the quality of employment, especially its mediating impact between public social expenditure and fiscal soundness. Three‐step mediated regression analysis was conducted on a data sample from 19 developed countries from 1991 to 2013. The results show that while public social expenditure negatively affects fiscal soundness, if it promotes total and part‐time employment, it can positively affect fiscal soundness. However, when the incidence of involuntary part‐time employment is high, public social expenditure and its impact on employment performance no longer guarantee fiscal soundness. This study addresses the importance of promoting not only employment growth but also employment quality to secure fiscal soundness.     

论清末立宪从官制改革入手之误

晚清政府欲从改革官制入手推动立宪,结果官制改革遭遇了来自官僚群体的强大阻力,在最高统治者慈禧立场转变之后,官制改革无可避免地走向龙头蛇尾的结局.虽有改变,但根本未动,效果有限,非但不能廓清积弊,反使积弊愈积愈多,愈演愈烈.龙头蛇尾的官制改革重挫晚清政府的统治威信,使其立宪之路更加艰难,自救的机会更为渺茫.清末立宪首先应做的不是改革官制,而是开议院,扩大政治参与,增强改革的力量.立宪从官制入手,无议院为助力,官制难改,立宪难行;立宪从开议院入手,先有议院,则官制可改,立宪可行.